第38卷第2期 2017年4月
文章编号：10013873(2017)02-0193-05
新渠石油地质
XINJIANG PETROLEUM CEOLOGY DOI:10.7657/XJPG20170213
Vol. 38,No.2 Apr.2017
低渗、特低渗储集层微观孔隙结构分类表征
以延长油田延长组长2段和长6段储集层为例
庞振字"，李艳”，段伟"，董越"，段景杰"，高庆华
(1.陕西延长石油（集团)有限责任公司研究院，西安710075;2.吉林省有色金属地质勘查局研究所，长春130012；
3.延长油田股份有限公司开发部，陕西延安716000）
摘要：利用恒违压乘等实验资料，对延长油田低渗、特低渗储集层的微观孔隙结构及微观油水分布规律研究结果表明，族道是决定开发效果的关键因素，储集层渗透率主要由平均喉遗半径和单位体积有效喉道个数共同控制，单位体积有效喂道体积、主流喉道半径、最大连通喉道半径对渗透率的影响程度依次减弱，与喉道进汞他和度无关。孔唤率径比与孔隙度的相关性较差，面与渗透率呈较强的负相关关系。随著孔喉率径比不断减小，喉道发育程度不断转好，流体的渗流能力不断挚升，地层中的油气容易流经喉道被驱替出来，但是孔唤半径比与孔隙度的相关性并不明显，孔半径比不随孔隙度的改变产生规律性变化
关键词：延长油田；低渗储集层；恒速压秉；有效喉道体积；喉道率径；微观油水分布；微观孔隙结构
文献标识码：A
中图分类号：TE112.23
Classification and Characterization of Microscopic Pore Structures in Low and Extra-Low PermeabilityReservoirs:ACase Study of Reservoirs Chang 2and Chang 6 inYanchang
Formationof YanchangOilfield
PANG Zhenyu', LI Yan', DUAN Wei', DONGYue', DUAN Jingjie', GAO Qinghua'
(1.Research Institute, Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co. Ltd, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, China; 2.Institute, Jilin Nonferrous Metal Geological Exploration Bureau, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China; 3.Development Department, Yanchang Oilfield Company, Yan'an,
Shaanxi 716000, China)
Abstract: Using experimental data of constant-rate mercury injection, the paper studies the mieroscopic pore structures and oil and water distributions in low and extra-low permeability reservoirs in Yanchang oilfield. The results show that throat domninates the development ef fect. Average radius of throats and number of effective throat per unit volume control the reservoir permeability collectively. In the se quence of effective throat volume per unit volume, main current throat radius, the max, comnecting throat radius, their influences on the per meability decrease, which has nothing to do with the mercury injection saturation of throats. The pore throat radius ratio correlates poorly with porosity, but it has a strong negative correlation with permeability. With the decrease of pore throat radius ratio, the development de-gree of throat becomes better and the fluid permeability increases. Therefore, the oil and gas in the fomation are easily displaced through throats, but the correlation between the ratio of pore throat radius and porosity is not obvious and the ratio of pore throat radius does not vary with the change of porosity regularly.
Keywords: Yanchang oilfield; low permeability reservoir, constant-rate mercury injection; effective throat volume; throat radius; microscopic
oil and water distribution; microscopic pore structure
低渗、特低渗砂岩储集层孔隙和喉道半径细小，特别是在强烈的压实、胶结、交代作用的影响下，喉道发育程度差。实际上，油气的开发过程，就是地层中油气、水在相互连通孔隙中渗流的过程，因此，微观孔喉结构决定了具有特色的低渗、特低渗储集层的微观渗流机理"-3。微观孔喉结构的发育程度及分布模式，是研究储集层微观物理特性的关键，也是表征低渗、特低渗砂岩储集层孔喉总体面貌和决定流体在地层中
收稿日期：2016=04-06
修订日期：2016-11-30
渗流方式的重要因索。因此，为了精细描述储集层沉积、成岩及微观渗流特征，开展砂岩储集层微观孔喉结构的分类评价和综合表征至关重要4-。研究区位于鄂尔多斯盆地陕北斜坡带中东部，构造相对简单，地层平缓，断层与局部构造均不发育，仅局部发育差异压实作用形成的低幅度鼻状构造。延长油田开发程度高、井网密度大、油水分布关系复杂、开发矛盾突出、开采难度大。本文依托铸体薄片、扫描电镜、恒速
基金项目：陕西省科技统筹创新工程（2014KTZB03-02)；国家重点研发计刘政府专项（2016YFE0102500）
作者简介：庞振宇(1984-），男，古林吉林人，工程师.博士，油气藏开发，（Tel)15129293818(E-mail)pangzhenyu0624@163.com
通讯作者：段伟（1965-），男，四川安岳人，高级T.程师.油气藏开发，（Tel)13720610553(Email)597896352@qq-com 万方数据