
第38卷第1期 2017年2月
文章编号:1001-3873(2017)01-0085-06
新疆石油地
质
XINJIANG PETROLEUM GEOLOGY DOI:10.7657/XJPG20170115
注水开发油田水淹层岩石电阻率变化规律
张恒荣,谭伟,王利娟,丁磊
(中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司,广东湛江524057)
Vol.38.No.1 Feb.2017
摘要:注水开发油田储集层水滤后电性特征变化复杂,为水滤层的识别和剩余油饱和度的评价带来较大困难。采用密闭取心井岩心进行模拟油藏条件下的岩电-相驱实验,分析了采用不同矿化度注入水进行驱替时岩石电阻率的变化特征,并讨论了驱替过程中孔隙结构的改变、地层水矿化度的变化对岩电参数的影响。实验结果表明:当采用高矿化度注入水或地层水驱替时,岩石电阻率总是单调降低,呈“L"形,且物性越好,降低幅度越大;而采用低矿化度注入水驱替时,一般呈"U"形或"S"形,且物性越好,电阻率由单调降低变为单调升高的第一拐点含水他和度越高;注入水体积导致的孔隙结构改变对岩电参数的影响不明显;随着地层水矿化度的增加,胶结指数和施和度指数逐渐增大,
在计算剩余油饱和度时,应当考虑在不同的水流阶段地层水矿化度差异对岩电参数的影响。关键调:注水开发;储集层;水滤;电阻率;矿化度;岩电参数;岩电-相驱实验;导电性
中图分类号:TE341
文献标识码:A
Variations ofRockResistivityinWater-FloodedZonesof WaterInjectionOilfield
ZHANG Hengrong, TAN Wei, WANG Lijuan, DING Lei(Zhanjiang Branch, CNOOC, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524057, China)
Abstract: The changes of electrical properties of water flooded reservoirs are complex, which brings great difficulty to the identification of water flooded zone and the evaluation of remaining oil saturation. In this paper, simulated waterflooding experiments under reservoir condi-tions are carried out by using sealed coring samples, the variations of rock resistivity are analyzed for the situations when the water of differ-ent salinities is injected to displace oil and the influences of changes of pore structures, and formation water salinity on rock electrical pa-rameters are discussed. The experimental results show that when high-salinity water or formation water is injected to displace oil, the rock resistivity always monotonously decreases and exhibits a “L” shape, and the better the physical properties are, the larger the decrease am-plitude of rock resistivity will be; when low-salinity water is injected to displace oil, the rock resistivity generally displays a “u” or “s" shape and the better the physical properties are, the resistivity will change to monotonous increase from monotonous decrease, and the high-er the water saturation at the first inflection point will be. The changes of pore structure resulted from the changes of injected water volume have no significant impact on rock electrical parameter. With the increase of formation water salinity, cementation index and saturation in-dex will gradually increase, The influence of the difference of formation water salinity at different waterflooded stage on rock electrical pa-rameters should be considered when calculating residual oil saturation
Keywords: waterflooding development; reservoir; watered out; resistivity; salinity; rock electrical parameter; rock resistivity experiment;
electrical conductivity
注水是国内外普遍采用的一种油田开发方式。但是长期注水开发会对储集层产生一定的影响,尤其当注人水与地层水的矿化度存在差异时,会引起储集层导电性发生较大的变化,且不同物性的储集层会表现出不同的变化特征。为正确认识注水开发对测井响应的影响,有效识别水灌层和准确计算剩余油饱和度,有必要从室内岩石物理实验人手,深人系统地研究注水开发对储集层岩石电阻率的影响。
在岩心水驱油实验方面,文献[1]利用X射线衍射、CT扫描对岩心水驱油进行了模拟,并且建立了数值模拟方法及实验对比;文献[2]提出了利用毛细管
收稿日期:2016-08-10
修订日期:2016-11-04
基金项目:国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05024-006)
滞后现象的理论来确定润湿性的方法,建立了饱和度指数与润湿性的关系;文献[3]得到了当温度升高时润湿性向亲水方向变化的结论;文献[4]综合研究了饱和度指数的变化规律,认为饱和度指数变化范围不大,但确实是一个变量;文献[5]用数理统计方法,给出油层水淹过程中地层混合水溶液电阻率与含水饱和度的相互制约关系;文献[6]得出了地层电阻率与含水饱和度的关系曲线,为水淹层的解释提供了实验数据;文献[7]通过模拟油田水驱状态下饱和度指数变化的实验,对大庆、胜利油由的十几块岩心研究表明,水驱油时的饱和度指数明显小于油驱水时的饱和
作者简介:张恒荣(1984-),男,湖北荆州人,工程师,硕士,测井地质,(Tel)0759-3912713(E-mail)zhanghr@cnooc.com.cn 万方数据