第37卷第4期 2016年8月
文章编号：1001-3873(2016)04-0373-10
新疆石油地质
XINJIANG PETROLEUM GEOLOGY DOI:10.7657/XJPG20160401
Vol. 37,No.4 Aug.2016
玛湖凹陷百口泉组准连续型高效油藏的发现与成藏机制
支东明
（中国石油新疆油田分公司勘探开发研究院，新疆克拉玛依834000）
摘要：准噶尔金地玛潮富烃凹陷近5年在下三叠统百口泉组中持续取得突破，发现了中国首个亿吨级源上准连续型高效油藏群。这一勘探重大发现得益于期探思路从构造型油气减向岩性地层油气晟，向连续型油气藏的转变。成藏机制综合分析认为，玛湖富烃凹陷石炭系一二叠系优质烃源岩发育，有利于原油生成；百口泉组发育扇三角洲前缘优质储集层与构造岩性圈闭群，断裂沟通了烃漂岩与储集层，有利于原油成藏；百口来组构造平缓，顶、底板条件好，有利于原油富集；百口泉组存在异常高压与裂缝，原油性质好，储集层甜点发育，有利于原油高产。因此，码湖凹陷百口泉组亿吨级准连续型高效油蔗群整体含油、局部富集，受鼻状构造带、前缘有利相带和断裂联合控制，能规模成蔗，潜力巨大，是对全球连续型油气藏勘与研究的重要补充。当前勘探程度较低的黄羊泉扇、玛东扇和夏盐扇展布区值得重点考虑。关键调：准噶尔盐地；码潮凹陷；百口泉组；准连续型油气盏；岩性地层油气薇；源外成藏；扇三角洲
中图分类号：TE112.4
文献标识码：A
Discoveryand Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism of Quasi-ContinuousHigh-Efficiency
ReservoirsofBaikouquanFormationinMahuSag,JunggarBasin
ZHI Dongming
(Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Karamay, Xinjiang 834000, China)
Abstract: In recent five years, great breakthroughs have been made successively in the Lower Triassic Baikouquan formation in hydrocar bon-rich Mahu sag in the northwestem margin of Junggar basin, and the above-source quasi-continuous oil reservoirs with the reserves over hundreds of millions of tons are finstly discovered, which should be atributed to the changes of thoughtway from structural reservoir explora-tion to lithological-stratigraphical reservoir and continuous reservoir exploration. Composite analysis on hydrocarbon accumulation mecha nism shows that high-quality Carboniferous-Permian source rocks are developed in hydrocarbon-rich Mahu sag, which is favorable for oil generation; high-quality reservoirs and structural-lighological traps of fan-delta front facies are developed in Baikouquan formation, in which faults connect the source rock and the reservoir, which helps hydrocarbon accumulation; gentle structures with good top and bottom conditions in Baikouquan formation are in favor of hydrocarbon enrichment; abnormally high pressure and fractures occur in Baikouquan formation, and the oil here is of good quality and reservoir sweet spots are developed, which is good for high oil production. Therefore, quasi-continuous reservoirs with the reserves of hundreds of millions of tons in Baikouquan formation in Mahu sag are characterized by extensive oil distribution, local oil enrichment, jointly controlled by nose-like structural belts and favorable belts in delta front as well as faults, high efficiency accumulation and great prospecting potential, which can be an important supplement to continuous-reservoir exploration and re-search in the world. It is suggested that Huangyangquan fan, Madong fan and Xiayan fan with relatively low exploration degree should be fo cused on for further petroleum exploration at present.
Keywords: Junggar basin; Mahu sag, Baikouquan formation; quasi-continuous reservoir, lithologic-stratigraphic reservoir, outside-source
accumulation; fan-delta
连续型油气藏是当前全球油气勘探与地质研究的热点，其概念由美国地质调查局(USCS)于1995年最先提出，通常认为具备2个基本特征：①储集体系大范围连片，没有明显的圈闭边界，油气呈大范围分布；②油气运移受水浮力影响较小"。据此认为，过去按构造高点找油的传统思路而不受重视的富烃凹陷低部位可以大面积含油，开辟了新的勘探领域，此后的勘探的确不断取得突破，印证了这一构想-"。中国的油气勘探和地质研究工作者们在2000年后也逐渐
收稿日期：201605-13
修订日期：2016-06-20
基金项目：国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05001-005）
开始关注这类油气藏，勘探取得了不少成果，如鄂尔多斯盆地古生界致密气藏和三叠系致密油藏、四川盆地须家河组致密气藏、松辽盆地深层扶杨组致密油藏等“-"。总体而言，连续型油气藏目前已成为全球油气资源增储上产的重要新领域-"。
准噶尔盆地是中国西北地区的一个典型的大型叠合含油气盆地"，2010年后在连续型油气勘探领域取得重大突破，在准噶尔盆地西北缘玛湖凹陷下三叠统百口泉组中发现了中国首个亿吨级源上准连续型
作者简介：支东明（1971-），男，上海人，高级T程师，石油地质，（Tel)09906882729(Email)zhidm@petrochina.com.cn
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