植物营养与肥料学报2010，16(4)：833-839 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
典型设施栽培土壤重金属含量变化及其风险评价
黄霞，李廷轩”，余海英
（四川农业大学资源环境学院，四川雅安625014）
摘要：采用野外调查采样和案内分析相结合的方法，对典型设施栽培地山东寿光的部分土壤重金属含量进行测定，并根据温室蔬菜产地环境质量评价标准，选取单项污染指数法和尼梅罗综合指数法对土壤的重金属污染状况进行了环境质录评价。结果表明，重金属Cu、Cr、Pb在设施裁培土壤耕层（0一20cm）的含量达最大 09 值，其中Zn含量在0—20cm和60—80cm的土层显着高于露地土壤，Cd含量在0—20cm，4060cm，60-80cm和80-100cm的土层显著高于露地土壤。从不同使用年限设施裁培土壤中重金属含量变化看出，重金属在设施栽培2～4年的土壤中含量最高。对研究区设施裁培土壤重金属含量进行风险评估及分级发现，
山东寿光设施土壤耕层主要受到重金属Cd的污染。关键调：设施土壤；重金属含量；环境风险评价
中图分类号：X131.3
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2010)040833-07
Riskassessmentsofheavymetalsintypicalgreenhousesoils
HUANG Xia, LI Ting-xuan', YU Hai-ying
(College of Resources and Ensironmental Science,Sichuan Agricultural University,Yaan 625014, China)
Abstract: Contents of copper(Cu), chromium(Cr), lead(Pb), zinc(Zn)and cadmium(Cd)in greenhouse soils were measured by using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The soil samples were collected in Shouguang, Shandong Province. The environmental quality of greenhouse soils was assessed by applying the single pollutant index method and the Nemerow comprehensive index method based on the environmental quality evaluation standards of farmland for greenhouse vegetables production. The results indicated that Cu, Cr and Pb accumulations in greenhouse topsoils(O 20 cm)were the largest and higher than those of open field topsoils. Soil Zn and Cd con+ tents were the highest at the depths of 20 40 cm and 40 60 cm in greenhouse soils, respectively. There were sig nificant differences of soil Zn content between greenhouse and open field soils at depths of 0 20 cm and 60 80 cm, while those of Cd contents were at depths of 020 cm, 4060 cm, 60 80 cm and 80100 cm. The maximum values of heavy metal contents of greenhouse soils occured when greenhouses were cultivated for 2 to 4 years. Ac-cording to the risk evaluation results of the heavy metals in greenhouse soils, there was Cd contamination in green-house topsoils in Shouguang, Shandong Province.
Key words:greenhouse soil; content of heavy metals; environment assessment
我国蔬菜产业中，各类蔬菜设施栽培面积已达 267万公项，设施蔬菜总产值已占40%以上。特别是近年来设施蔬菜种植面积发展迅速，已成为“现代农业和高效生态农业”的主要发展方向]。重
收稿日期：2009-06-12
接受日期：2009-11-17
金属是具有潜在危害的重要污染物，重金属污染对土壤性质产生一定的负面影响，从而抑制作物生长发育、降低作物产量与品质，并最终危害动物和人类的健康[2]。随着我国经济的快速发展，土壤重金属
基金项目：四川省教育厅重点项（2006A008）；土填与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室基金课题(055124)资助。
作者简介：黄蒙（1985-—），女，乐山夹江人，硕士研究生，主要从事土壤污案等方面的研究。E-mail；hx20043551@126.com
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