2012年5月上第41卷第364期
施工技
术
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY
卡尔曼滤波法在大跨连续梁桥施工控制中的应用
高大峰，王方辉，任禹州，何新成
西安710055)
（西安建筑科技大学教育部结构工程与抗属重点实验室，陕西
【摘要】针对应用卡尔曼滤波法处理在大跨连续梁桥结构施工中内力和挠度与设计不一致的问题。以金塘大桥西通航孔桥为例，根据工程控制论思想，通过滤去随机噪声，得到系统统计意义上无偏的预应力混凝土主梁标高的最优估计值；结合正装计算法预测最终的成桥线形，以确定并提高桥梁各控制点处的施工预拱度和计算精度。由施工控制模拟计算得出了各施工节段预拱度的Kalman最优一步预测值；通过对左幅在成桥线形下的实测标高和设计标高的数据分析，结果表明，主成桥线形符合设计要求，说明Kalman滤波法在施工过程中能对各种噪声进行有效控制，并且能较好地应用于此类桥梁的施工控制中。
【关键调】桥梁工程；连续梁桥；卡尔曼滤波法；预拱度；施工控制；模拟
【中图分类号】TU12；U445.4
【文献标识码】A
【文章编号】1002-8498(2012)09-0079-04
Application of Kalman Filtering Method in Construction Control of
Continuous Beam BridgewithLarge Span Gao Dafeng,Wang Fanghui,Ren Yuzhou,He Xincheng
(Key Laboratory of Structural Engineering and Earthquake Resistance of Ministry of Education,
Xi'an Uniersity of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an,Shaanxi710055,China)
Abstract:According to the problems for the inconsistency of application of Kalman filtering method processing internal force and deflection in structure construction and design of continuous beam bridge with large span, based on the construction of western navigation opening bridge of Jintang Bridge, combined with engineering cybernetics thought, optimal estimated elevation value of unbiased prestressed concrete girder is obtained in statistical sense of system by filtering random noise. Combined with forward-analysis method,final bridge line is predicted, construction camber and caleulation precision at different control points of bridge are determined and improved. The optimal predictive value of camber in different construction segment is obtained by simulation in construction control. Based on the data analysis of measured elevation and design elevation for left-range under bridge line, the results show that the bridge line of main girder meets the design requirements,which shows that Kalman filtering method can effectively control various noise,and can be applied in construction control of similar bridges.
Key wordsbridges; continuous beam bridges;Kalman filtering method;camber; construction control;simulation
随着桥梁跨径的逐渐增大，结构的施工控制1] 越来越受到重视。首先，采用各种计算方法（如正装计算法和倒装计算法)准确地计算出结构在各个状态的挑度，从而设置正确的预拱度；其次，必须对施工误差进行精准的控制，使之满足工程要求。在
[收稿日期】2011-12-05
[基金项目】陕西省重点学科建设专项资全资助项目（E01004）：陕西省教育厅专项科研计划项目（2010JK635）
【作者商介】高大峰，西安建筑科技大学教育部结构工程与抗震重点实验室教授，陕西省西安市雁塔路13号
710055，电话：(029）
82202999,E-mail;a21402999@163.com
万方数据
79
施工控制中，卡尔曼滤波法[2]是近年来较为流行的反馈控制的典型方法，是以概率论为基础的最优随机控制方法。其实质是从被噪声（如立模误差、测量误差、施工误差等）污染的信号中提取出真实的信号，估计系统的真实状态，再用估计出的状态变量，按确定性的控制规律对结构进行预测。其核心思想就是纠偏重点控制，即在施工过程中若主梁线形发生偏差后，适当地对立模高程进行调整，使之满足设计要求。