植物营养与肥料学报2014,20(4）：1012-1020 Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer
doi:10.11674/zwyf.2014.0425
湿筛过程中分散液的质量对土团聚体
稳定性的影响徐爽，王益权
（西北农林科技大学资源环境学院，陕西杨凌712100）
摘要：【目的】土壤团聚体是土壤结构的基本单元，决定着土壤在生态系统中的作用和功能。保持良好的结构状态和稳定的结构性能是确保土壤水、肥、气、热肥力因子协调的基本条件。现代土壤管理中大量使用的化肥无机盐以及灌溉水体富含的离子都会造成对团聚体的破坏，本文以富含有机质的黑土为研究对象，探索湿筛过程中分散溶液的质量对团聚体稳定性的影响。【方法】以氯化钠、氯化钙和氯化铝3种不同价态的阳离子溶液为介质，采用改进的萨维若夫（CaBBMHOB)法进行湿筛，设置0(不加盐去离子水，CK）、0.1、0.3、0.5mol/L4个浓度水平，研究直径≥0.25mm的土壤团聚体在不同阳离子盐溶液作用下的稳定性。【结果】不同盐溶液中黑土团聚体的稳定性差异很大。在氯化钠盐溶液中，黑土团聚体的盐破坏率(PADa）均为正值，且随钠盐溶液浓度的增大而增加，在浓度为0.1、0.3和0.5mol/L的氯化钠溶液中分别为0.21%、10.7%和14.4%。在氯化钙溶液和氯化铝溶液中黑土PADa.25/均为负值，氯化钙溶液中PADa25/的绝对值随着盐浓度的增大而减小，氯化铝溶液中PADa25/的绝对值均在51%以上。【结论】一价盐溶液加剧了0.25～1mm黑土团聚体的分散，但能够保护直径1mm以上的团
聚体，而二价盐和三价盐溶液对团聚体的分散有明显的抑制和保护作用。关键调：湿筛法：黑土；盐离子；团聚体稳定性
中图分类号：S152.4
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008-505X(2014)04-1012-09
Effectofqualityofdispersingsolutionsonsoilaggregates
stabilities duringthewet-sievingtest
XU Shuang,WANGYi-quan
(Resource and Enzironment College,Northauest A&F Uniwersity,Yangling, Shaanxi712100, China）
Abstract:[ Objectives] Soil aggregates are the basic units of soil structure. Sufficient chemical stability of soil aggregates is necessary for maintaining good soil moisture and fertility. Large amount of cations are brought into soil through fertilization and irrigation, which affect the aggregates stability to some extent. In this paper, the stability of aggregate in organic-rich black soil was determined in the three cation solutions. [ Methods]Three kinds of cation solution, sodium chloride, chlorinated calcium chloride and aluminum chloride with four concentrations O mol/L( de-ionized water without salt, CK), 0. 1 mol/L, 0. 3 mol/L and 0. 5 mol/L are set up as media, and the stability of soil aggregates（≥0.25 mm in size）was tested using an improved Savi Chizhov（CaBBHHoB）method.[Results]The results show that the stabilities of soil aggregate (PADo.25/w values) are quite different in different salt solution media. In sodium chloride solution, PADa 25/w values are all positive, and the soil aggregate destruction rate is increased with the salt concentration, the PADa.25/w values are 0.21% , 10. 7% and 14. 4% in 0. 1, 0. 3 and 0. 5 mol/L of sodium chloride solution, respectively, showing the dispersion effect of the sodium salt to soil aggregates. In calcium chloride and aluminum chloride solutions, the PADo.25/w values are negative, and the absolute value of PADo.25/ is decreased with the increase of salt concentrations. Inside the aluminum chloride
收稿日期：2013-09-09
接受日期：2013-12-24
基金项目：农业部革果园沼肥应用技术研究与示范项目(201001070070）资助
作者简介：徐爽（1985一），女，吉林长春人，博士研究生，主要从事土壤物理和土壤改良研究。E-mail：xush0225@sina.co
*通信作者 E-mail:soilphysies@ mwsuaf. edu. en