植物营养与肥料学报2010,16(4)：978-985 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
生物有机肥对香蕉植株生长和香蕉枯萎病
防治的研究
何欣，郝文雅，杨兴明，沈其荣，黄启为
（南京农业大学江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化利用高技术研究重点实验室，江苏南京210095）
摘要：通过盆栽试验，研究了生物有机肥(BIO)对香蕉植株生长和香蕉枯姜病防治效果的影响。结果表明，1)香蕉植株移栽45d后，施用BIO的处理香蕉植株地上部鲜重、干重、株高和假茎围分别比对照增加了31.9%～93.8%、 5.9%~43.1%43.9%~62.9%和12.3%~18.5%。2)香蕉苗移栽25d时，施用BI0的香燕植株根尖几丁质酶活性提高了2.64～12.88个酵活单位，显著高于对照；营养体育苗施用BIO的处理，香蕉植株根尖β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性显著地高于营养钵育苗未施BIO的处理，是其酶活的5.22～7.22倍。施用BIO的处理香蕉植株根尖和茎基部中脏质含量分别只有对照的59.7%～77.9%和47.6%～68.9%，显著低于对照处理。3）营养钵育苗施用BI0 的处理，根际的细菌数量和放线菌数量分别比对照增加了1.56～1.76倍和1.11~1.55倍，而根际真菌数量却减少了19.2%52.2%，根际尖孢谦刀菌的数量也大大减少。4)营养体育苗施用BIO的处理，到香蒸植株移栽45d 时，香蕉植株枯萎病的病情指数末超过2.4，比对照降低47.8%～56.5%。上述结果表明，采用营养体育苗和移栽
时都施用BIO的方法种植香蕉，能显著地促进香蕉植株生长，有效地降低香蕉枯姜病的发病指数。关键词：生物有机肥；枯萎病；香蕉
中图分类号：S141；S668.1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008505X(2010)04-0978-08
Effects of bioorganic fertilization ongrowth and controlling
fusarium-wilt disease of banana
HE Xin, HAO Wen-ya, YANG Xing-ming, SHEN Qi-rong, HUANG Qi-wei'
(Jiangsu KeyLaboratory Solid Organic WasteUtilization，NanjingAgriculural UniersiyNanjing20095,China）
Abstract: Banana fusarium-wilt disease is one of the most important soil-borne diseases which severely inhibit the development of banana production industries both in China and in the world. Biocontrols of the banana fusarium wilt disease are proved economical and environmentally friendly. A pot experiment was caried out to investigate effects of a new bioorganic fertilizer(BIO)on banana plant growth and the suppression on the disease. The results are as follows : 1)45 days after transplantation of banana seedlings, fresh weight, dry weight, plant height and stem girth of the plants in the treatments of BI0 fertilization are increased by 31. 9%-93. 8% , 5. 9%43. 1% , 43. 9% 62. 9% and 12. 3%18. 5% , respectively compared with the control. 2) When wilt disease just occurs, chitinase activities in the treatments of BIO fertilization are 2. 6412. 88 units higher than that of the control; β1,3 glu-canase activities in the treatments of nursery applications of BIO are increased by 5. 22 or 7. 22 times than that with-out nursery application of BIO; and the concentrations of callose in root tips and stem bases of the treatments of BIO fertilization are decreased by 59. 7%-77.9% and 47. 6%68. 9% , respectively as compared with the control. 3) In contrast to the control, numbers of bacteria and actinomycetes in rhizosphere of the treatment of BIOns + BIOts
收稿日期：2009-11-02
接受日期：2010-01-10
600000600000
业公益性行业科研专项（200803031)；农业部948"项目（2006-G62）资助。
作者简介：何欣（1984一），女，陕西检林人，预土研究生，主要从事植物营养与病害研究。E-mail；2007103121@njau.edu.cn
●通讯作者E-mail;qwhuang@ njau edu,cr 万方数据