植物营养与肥料学报2010,16(2)：457-464 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science
硅胶管气样原位采集技术研究土壤
N20浓度及通量变化
陆星'，巨晓棠1*，张福锁，VolkerRomheld
（1中国农业大学资源与环境学院植物营养系，农业部植物营养学重点实验室，北京100193；
2霍思海姆大学植物营养所(330），斯图加特，德国70593）
摘要：箱法被广泛用于监测土壤N,O排放通量，但在原位采集高浓度土壤N,O、全天候监测N,O通量变化、动态研究土壤制面N,O的行为等方面存在弊端。本研究通过室内模拟硅胶管对N,O的通透性，操索硅胶管用于原位采集土壤气样的理论可行性。田间试验设施用铵态氮肥（NH）、施用硝态氮肥（NO’）及施用硝态氮肥加葡葡糖（NO, +C)等3个处理，同时安置硅胶管和采样箱，验证硅胶管法在原位采集高浓度土壤N,O气样、监测土壤N,0浓度以及排放通量的实际效果，并与箱法进行比较。结果表明，硅胶管内外的N,0气体经2.9h达到95%的平衡，完全能满足大田采样要求；用硅胶管法原位采集高浓度土壤N,O气样的效果显著优于箱法采样。其浓度变化表现出明显的时间规律，浓度梯度法计算的N,0排放通量与箱法测定结果量显着正相关，但数值偏低；偏低的程度取决于采样置和土壤中N,0产生位置的匹配程度。建议采用埋于土壤表层的硅胶管计算地面N,O排放通量，或在不同土层埋人硅胶管研究土填削面N,O行为的时空变异。
关键词：硅胶管；N,O排放：N,O扩散：高浓度土填N,O；动态监测
中图分类号：S131*.1
文献标识码：A
文章编号：1008-505X(2010)020457-08
Use of silicone tubes as a simple method to measure in situ
soilgasN,Oconcentrationsandfluxes LU Xing', JU Xiao-tang'', ZHANG Fu-suo', Volker RamhelP
(1 Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Emrironmental Sciences, China Agricultural Unitersity/
Key Laborotory of Plant Nutrition， Ministry of Agriculture of China, Beijing 100193, China 2 Institut fir Plarzenenahrung（330)，University of Hohenheim，70593 Sruigarnt，Germany）
Abstract: Chamber method, which was used as a regular way to measure N,O fluxes from soils, has the disadvantages on sampling in situ soil-derived N,O with high concentration, monitoring N, O fluxes under all weather conditions and study-ing the behaviors of N,O in soil profile. The possibility of using silicone tubes to sample in situ soil gas was tested by measuring the diffusivity of standard N,O gas through the silicone tube walls. Field plots were under treatments of NHt , NO, and NO, plus glucose, with four randomly arranged replicates. Silicone tubes and sampling chambers were buried under soil surface with different depths. In situ collection of soil N,O with high concentration and the efficiency of moni-toring the concentration and fluxes of N2O were compared, as the silicone tube and traditional chamber had different sen-sitivity to N,O variation in soil. Results revealed that it took only 2.9 hours for N,O in the silicone inner space to reach 95% equilibrium with the surrounding atmosphere, which was fast enough to satisfy regular sampling interval. The sili-cone tubes method had the advantage over chamber method in collection of soil-derived N,O with high concentration and the collected sample showed clear trends conceming N,O concentration over time. The temporal variation of N2O emis-sions calculated by different methods showed significantly positive correlations, while the silicone tube method gave lower
收稿日期：2009-04-01
接受日期：2009-06-01
基金项目：国家自然科学基金（40771098)；中德合作项目（JK1070)；“973"项目（2009CB11860)资助。
作者简介：陆星（1981一），男，制南省适道县人，博土，主要从事农田生态系统中氮系的环境效应研究。E-mail：lurishen@gmsil.om
通讯作者Tel:010-62732006，E-mail:juxt@cau.edu.en
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