第18卷第9期 2010年9月
文章编号
1004-924X(2010)092086-08
光学精密工程
Optics and Precision Engineering
借助于星点标定相机的内方位元素
刘伟毅1.2，丁亚林1，贾继强"，刘
（1.中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所，吉林长春130033；
2.中国科学院研究生院，北京100039）
Vol.18No.9
Sep.2010
摘要：为满足单个或一批次测绘相机的标定，提出了一种利用已知坐标值的星点对测绘相机进行标定的方法。介绍了该方法的原理以及计算步骤，给出了实验过程。该方法建立在小孔成像的基础上，通过各个坐标系的相互转换，建立起星点垒标和像索坐标之间的联系，以此求解相机内方位元素。与基于平行光管和精密转台的精密测角法相比，该方法不需要昂贵的实验设备，且筒化了标定步骤。最后，对标定精度进行了分析，讨论了噪声扰动和已知内方位元素误差对标定结果的影响。分析结果表明，采用该标定方法，相机的主点精度优于3μm(1/3pixel)，主距精度优于7μm(小于1pix-el)，满足标定精度要求。
关键词：相机标定；星点；内方位元素；标定精度
中图分类号：V447.3
文献标识码：A
doi:10.3788/OPE.20101809.2086
Calibration of inner orientation
elementsforcamerabymeansofstarpoints
LIU Wei-yil-, DING Ya-lin', JIA Ji-Qiang', LIU Bo
(1.Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics, ChineseAcademy of Sciences,Changchun130033,China;
2.GraduateUniversity of ChineseAcademy of Sciences,Beijing100039,China)
Abstract: To implement the single or batch calibrations of mapping cameras, a calibration method to find the inner orientation elements of the camera by star points was presented. The principles and cal-culation steps of the method were introduced, and the experimental process was described in detail. The method was based on a hole imaging and it established a relationship between celestial coordinate and pixel coordinate by the conversions of different coordinate frames to obtain the inner orientation elements. In comparison to the precision angle measurement method based on the collimator and preci-sion rotating platform, this method greatly simplifies the calibration steps and requires no expensive experimental equipment. Finally, the calibration precision was analyzed, and the effects of noise dis-turbance and known errors of inner orientation elements on calibration results were discussed. Ob-tained results indicate that the principal point precision and principal distant precision are better than 3 μm(1/3 pixel) and 7 μm(1 pixle),respectively,which meets the requirement of calibration precision. Key words: camera calibration; star point; inner orientation element; calibration precision
收稿日期：2009-10-13；修订日期：2009-12-28.
基金项目：国家863高技术研究发展计划资助项目（No.2007AA701203）