第20卷第3期
2012年3月文章编号
1004-924X(2012)03-0534-07
光学精密工程
Optics and Precision Engineering
Vol.20No.3
Mar.2012
脉冲激光焊接HastelloyC-276合金的熔池
流动传热特性分析
吴东江，王点宏：，马广义，杨义彬，郭玉泉，郭东明
（大连理工大学精密与特种加工教育部重点实验室，辽宁大连116024）
摘要：基于流体动力学方程和传热方程建立了三维瞬态模型，用于研究脉冲激光焊接0.5mm厚Hastelloy薄板时熔池的流动行为及传热特性。应用Fluent软件，采用有限容积法（FVM)求解控制方程，用SIMPLE算法处理速度与压力的耦合。引人P来衡量焊接熔池中对流传热与传导传热的相对强弱，并以此分析焊接熔池的传热特性。结果表明：沿焊接方向，焊接熔池的流动速度随着离熔池中心距离的增加先增加后减小；在给定试验条件下，熔池流动速度在离熔池中心0.2mm左右时出现最大值，且沿焊接方向前方稍大于后方，而后迅速减小为零；焊接熔池中对流的存在使得焊接熔池熔深较小而熔宽较大；最终的焊接形貌由对流传热与传导传热相互作用而成。对焊缝形貌的数值模拟结果与实验结果进行了比较，计算结果与实验结果吻合较好。此模型可为脉冲激光焊接HastelloyC-276薄板时熔池流体流动行为的分析提供理论依据。
关键调：激光焊接；脉冲激光器；流体流动；数值模拟；焊缝形貌
中图分类号：TG456.7;TN249
文献标识码：A
doi:10.3788/OPE.20122003.0534
Analysis of fluid flow and heat transfer inweld pool during
pulsedlaserweldingHastelloyC-276alloy
WU Dong-jiang, WANG Zhan-hong', MA Guang-yi, YANG Yi-bin,
GUOYu-quan，GUODong-ming
(Key Laboratory forPrecision and Non-traditional Machining Technology of theMinistry of
Education，DalianUniversityofTechnology，Dalian116024,China)
Correspondingauthor,E-mail:dgzhw@mail.dlut.edu.cn
Abstract: A 3D transient model was established based on the theories of fluid dynamics and heat trans fer to analyze the fluid flow and the heat transfer characteristics in the liquid pool when a pulse laser was used to weld the Hastelloy C-276 alloy. On the basis of software Fluent, the Finite Volume Method (FVM)was employed to solvethe control equations and the algorithm of SIMPLE was adopt-ed to deal with the coupling of velocity and pressure. The P, number was induced to evaluate the rela tive importance of convection and conduction then to analyze the heat transfer characteristics of weld-ing pool. The research indicates that fluid flow velocities along the welding direction in the liquid pool increase with the increasing of the distance from the melting pool center, and then decrease. Under
收稿日期：2011-11-01；修订日期：2011-11-24.
基金项目：国家973重点基础研究发展计划资助项目（No.2009CB724307），国家自然科学基金资助项目（No
51175061)