
钛合金在飞行器中的作用
昊崇周
(北京航空材料研究院,北京100095)
文摘介绍国内50多年以来,发展比较成熟和使用性能稳定可靠的一些钛合金,可供设计人贾选用。同镍基高温合金和不锈钢相比,钛合金的组织比较复杂,对制造工艺比较敏感,这电是在制造钛合金零部件时,荐了TC25、TC11、TC6、TC4、TA19和TA15合全,与国外的Ti-100、IMI834、BT18Y、BT25Y和BT36等高温钛合金相比,TC25和TA15合金综合性能较好,加工制造工艺比较简单,成本低,更适合在国内推广应用。同时也对钛合全的发展趋势作了一些说明。
关键词飞行器,合金,强度,高温强度
中图分类号:TG146.2+3
D0I:10.3969/j.issn.10072330.2016.05.002
Effectsof TitaniumAlloyonFlyingEquipments
WUChongzhou
(Institute of Aeronautical Materials,Beijing100095)
Abstract Here some titanium alloys of commonly used and with stable mechanical properties after developed more than fifty years in china,are introduced, which can be selected venturously for designers. Compared with nickel alloys and steel alloys,the structures of titanium alloys are complicated and sensitive to the producing process,and it has big effects on the properties of titanium alloys,and great care must be taken when the titanium alloy product were made. The basic mechanical properties of TC18,TC21 and TB6 are introduced and recommended as high strength tita-nium alloys. The TC25,TC11,TC6,TC4,TA19 and TA15 alloys are introduced at high temperature alloys. Compared with those of Ti100,IMI834,BT18Y,BT25Y and BT36 alloys,the TC25 and TA15 high temperature alloys have good comprehensive mechanical properties,with lower costs and were easy to be produced. The TC25 and TA15 alloys are more suitable to be used enormously in china. The titanium alloys developing trends are also discussed.
KeywordsFlying equipments,Alloys,Strength,High temperature strength
0引言
钛合金由于具有比强度高、耐高温、抗腐蚀能力强等优点,成为航空航天领域的重要结构材料,是飞行器机体结构和飞行器发动机的主要使用材料之_[1-5] 。
飞行速度和飞行距离更加凸显其重要作用,更加合理的设计和大量使用轻质高强的材料成为人们不可避免的选择。本文介绍了一些比较成熟和使用性能安全可靠的钛合金,例如TA15、TA19、TC4、TC6、 TC18等一些钛合金已经在飞机上得到应用,这些钛
合金综合性能都比较好,值得扩大范围推广应用,更
值得在其他行业中推广应用。 13种合金的性能及应用
3种合金的比强度分别为钛合金225~330MPa/ g*cm,不锈钢为160~220MPa/g*cm,铝合金为 187~215MPa/g*cm*"。飞机零部件分别在高、中和低三个温度范围内工作,高温区>600℃,中温区为> 300~600℃,低温区为≤300℃。一些工作部位零部件的使用温度较高,需要使用镍基高温合金或耐高温陶瓷;另外一些低温或室温工作部位零部件所处应力
收稿日:20160106;修稿日:20160523
作者简介;吴崇周,1965出生,硕士,主要从事铁合金技术工艺的研究。E-mailWCZ999888@163.com
8 万方数据
宇航材料工艺
http: //www.yhclgy.com
2016年第5期