
微量Al掺杂对2DC/SiC性能的影响孙静王一光罗磊成来飞
张立同
(西北工业大学超高温结构复合材料重点实验室,西安710072)
文摘以二维编织碳纤维碳布为预制体,采用聚铝碳硅烷(PACS)为聚合物前驱体,应用化学气相渗选(CVI)结合聚合物浸渗-裂解(PIP)工艺制备微量AI掺杂2DC/SiC复合材料。研究微量AI掺杂对C/SiC微观结构、力学、热膨胀和氧-乙炔焰烧蚀性能的影响。结果表明:掺杂微量Al未改变C/SiC的微观结构和热膨胀性能,也未降低其韧性和强度;但微量Al掺杂提高了C/SiC的抗烧蚀性能,含微量Al的SiC氧化形成微量 Al熔于SiO,的固熔体,微量Al提高了SiO,的黏度和致密度,减小SiO,挥发,较未掺杂Al的C/SiC相比,线烧蚀率降低了26%。
关键调C/SiC复合材料,聚合物浸渗-裂解,聚铝碳硅烷,微量Al,烧蚀性能
EffectsofAddingaSmallAmountofAlonPropertiesof2DC/SiC
ZhangLitong
SunJing
Cheng Laifei
Wang Yiguang
Luo Lei
(National Kay Laboratory of Themostructure Compoeite Materials,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710072)
Abstract Two-dimensional(2D) C/SiC composites were fabricated by chemical vapor infiltration(CVI) com adoad(aeeeen(skoeoe including microstructure,mechanical properties and thermal expansion of the composites were investigated. The abla-tion properties of C/SiC composites were investigated by the oxyacetylene torch flame. The results show that adding a small amount of Ai has little effect on microstructure, coefficient of thermal expansion( CTE) ,flexural strength and toughness of composites. However,the addition of a small amount of Al into C/SiC composite effectively enhances its ablation resistance. SiC reacts with oxygen to form a silica film,which causes Al melt into silica. Al doping can not on-ly increase the viscosity of silica,but also reduce the activity of silica. Compare with the no addition of Al into C/SiC composites,the linear ablation rate decreased by 26%.
Key wordsC/SiC composites,Polymer impregnation and pyrolysis,Polyaluminocarbosilane,A small amount of Al,Ablation property
0引言
C/SiC复合材料具有低密度、耐高温、抗热震、低热胀系数、耐磨损以及优异的高温力学性能等优点,广泛应用于空间推进系统和航空航天热防护等领域(1-2)。C/SiC复合材料在<1700℃氧化环境中能够在材料表面生成致密的SiO,呈现出良好的抗氧化和耐烧蚀性能(3)。但>1700C时,C/SiC由于活性氧化和SiO,黏度降低,很难承受住高速热流和高压气体的烧蚀“4)。然而,目前各国致力发展的高超声速飞行器防热材料需要承受1800℃以上的氧化烧
收稿日期:2011-1026
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(51032006)
蚀[5],因此需要提高C/SiC在超高温下的耐烧蚀性能。
目前C/SiC高温改性主要是在基体或涂层中加人难熔金属化合物,如西北工业大学超高温实验室通过加人ZrB,,TaC制备了C/SiC-ZrB,-TaC(6-7),国防科技大学制备了ZrB,-SiC复合材料超高温涂层[*] 上海硅酸盐研究所通过热压成型制备了ZrB,-SiC-ZrC陶瓷(9-10)。难熔金属化合物的加人虽明显改善了复合材料的抗氧化烧蚀性能,但材料的其他性能如导热")和力学性能(12等有所降低,严重影响复合材
作者篇介:孙静,1985年出生,硕士研充生,主要从事SiC材料耐高温改性研究。E-mail:jing09291004@126.com
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