
第30卷第1期 2011年1月
投柏华
中国材料进展 MATERIALSCHINA
锯合金注射成形脱脂工艺研究段柏华",商继章?,王德志,曲选辉3,张德智
(1中南大学材料科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083)
(2.中航工业哈尔滨东安发动机集团有限公司,黑龙江哈尔滨150066)
(3.北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100083)
摘
Vol.30No.1 Jan.2011
要:设计了一种适合于锯合金注射成形的低残碳粘结剂体系,为68%PW-5%LDPE-22%PMMA
-5%SA(质量分数),并研究其脱脂工艺。结果表明:脱脂时间、温度及样品厚度对溶剂脱脂率影响显著。采用三氯乙烯为溶剂,在脱脂温度为40℃,溶剂脱脂6h,即可使粘结剂脱除率达到 52.8%,使后继热脱脂时间缩短至7.5h。以粘结剂的DSC差热分析结果为指导,可快速制定合理的热脱脂工艺,在真空热脱脂气氧条件下可使脱脂坏残余碳、氧含量得到有效控制,分别为 0.18%,0.25%。
关键词:粉末注射成形;锐合金;粘结剂;落剂脱脂;热脱脂
中图分类号:TF124.39
文献标识码:A
文章编号:16743962(2011)01005404
ResearchonDebindingProcess ofNiobiumAlloys
CompactbyPowderInjectionMolding
DUAN Bohua',SHANG Jizhang,WANG Dezhi',QU Xuanhui3,ZHANG Dezhi?(1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China)
(2. AVIC Harbin Dongan Engine (Group) Corporation LTD, Harbin 150066, China)
(3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China) Abstract: A new type wax-based multi-component polymer binder suitable for niobium alloys, which was composed of 68 % ( mass fraction, similarly hereinafter) paraffin wax (PW), 5% low density polyethylene (LDPE), 22 % polym-ethyl methacrylate ( PMMA) and 5 % stearie acid ( SA) , was designed and the debinding process of compacts by powder injection molding was investigated. The results showed that the effects of solvent debinding temperature, time and sample thickness on the debinding rate were dominant. The removal rate of binder, about 52. 8% , was obtained after solvent debinding at 40°C for 6h using trichloroethylene as solvent, and it made the subsequent thermal debinding time cut down to only 7. 5 h. Based on DSC thermal analysis of the designed binder, an appropriate thermal debinding process could be rapidly set up and the residual carbon and oxygen contents of the debinding compacts could be effectively controlled under the condition of vacuum thermal debinding, which were 0. 18% and 0. 25% respectively-
Key words : powder injeetion molding: niobium alloy; binder; solvent debinding: thermal debinding
前言 1
锯属于VB族难熔金属,不仅具有熔点高、耐蚀性好、热中子俘获截面小等特点,而且也是密度最低的难熔金属,可用于制造火箭发动机、卫星及核反应堆的关键部件,广泛应用于航空航天、电子、动力交通、医疗及核工业等领域,也被认为是未来高温领域镍基超合金
收稿日期:2010-0603
基金项目:中南大学校基金项目(C2009092)
通信作者:段柏华,男,1972年生,副教授,博士
的最佳替代材料。锯及其合金的传统制备方法多采用铸锭-压力加工-机加工,存在着工艺复杂、材料利用率低、成本高、材料组织粗大及易产生偏析等缺陷[1-4]。
采用粉末冶金工艺制备高性能锯合金越来越引起人们的关注,其缺点是难以获得形状复杂的产品[3]。粉末注射成形技术(PowderInjectionMolding,PIM)是由传统粉末冶金工艺结合现代塑料注射成型技术发展形成的新技术,不仅可以低成本大批量直接制备形状复杂的零部件,面且材料性能及利用率均较高,在国内外均发展迅速,涉及的材料体系非常广泛,如钛合金、不锈钢、铁基、高密度、硬质合金、陶瓷等[6-8]。但在PIM锯及锯