工艺与检测Technology andTest
2017年第9期
MQL高速车削18Cr2Zi4WA合金钢的实验研究
邹畔①裴宏杰刘成石②王贵成②
（①无锡职业技术学院机械技术学院，江苏无锡214121；②江苏大学机械工程学院，江苏镇江212013）
摘要：微量润滑（minimumquantitylubrication，MQL）加工作为绿色切削技术应用越来越广泛。植物油
作为基础油是最有潜力的绿色润滑剂。为了探求不同的植物油对切削加工的影响，选择了玉米油、葩麻油和植物油2000（商品油)3种润滑油作为切削液，设计了三因素四水平的正交试验，以切削力和表面粗糙度为评价指标，切削液、切削速度和进给量为变量，对精密耦合件常用材料 18Cr2Zi4WA合金钢作为样件进行高速车削正交实验，对实验结果进行了极差分析和方差分析，确定了润滑油为主要影响因素，并得到了最佳的水平组合，对机械加工工程实践具有参考意义。
关键词：微量润滑：高速车削；正交实验；18Cr2Zi4WA合金钢；植物油
中图分类号：TH16：TG51
文献标识码：A
DOI:10.19287/j.cnki.10052402.2017.09.024
MQLturning18Cr2Zi4WAalloysteel
ZOU Ye, PEI Hongjie, LIU Chengshi, WANG Guicheng
(①College of Mechanical Engineering,Wuxi Institute of Technology, Wuxi 21412, CHN; ②School of Mechanical Engineering，JiangsuUniversity，Zhenjiang212013,CHN）
Abstract: Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) machining process is used gradually widely in manufacturing in-
dustry. Vegetable oil as the base oil is the most promising green lubricant. In order to explore the influ-ence of the different vegetable oils on the machining process, three kinds of lubricating oil, corn oil, castor oil and vegetable oil 2000, were selected as the cutting fluids, and the orthogonal experiment with four factors and three levels was designed. The cutting force and surface roughness were determined as the evaluation indexes, and the cutting fluid, feed rate and the cutting speed were selected as the varia-bles in orthogonal experiment. The workpieces of 18Cr2Zi4WA alloy steel commonly used as precision coupling materials were turned with high speed in orthogonal experiment. The results were analyzed with range analysis and variance analysis, and the main influencing factors of lubricating oil were deter-mined. The combination of the best level of the mechanical processing was obtained, and it has reference significance to the practice of mechanical processing engineering.
Keywords: MQL; high - speed turming; orthogonal experiment; 18Cr2Zi4WA alloy steel; vegetable oil
微量润滑（minimum quantitylubrication，MQL)[1-3] 作为一种绿色制造的加工技术，由于切削液的用量很小，加工后的工件表面几乎没有切削液残留，同时也能改善切前条件和保护环境，而具加工质量不低于基至优于传统的浇注式加工，目前开始广泛应用在一些加工领域。
MQL绿色润滑剂的基础油有合成酯、植物油、聚α-烯烃（PAO)和聚乙二醇(4-5)等。其中植物油来源
广、成本低，为可再生资源，是最具应用潜力的环境友好基础润滑油。因此，国内外学者对植物油作为MQL 切削液做了大量的研究[]。E.A.Rahim等在研究用棕榈油作为高速加工钛合金的切削液时，发现了棕榈油能够更好地减小切削力和降低切削温度]； P.VamsiKrishna等在研究以含有微量硼酸悬浮液的子油作为切削液切削AISI1040钢时，切削温度、工具前刀面的磨损得到降低[*)；BrajendraK.Sharma等在研
*国家科技重大专项（2013ZX04009031-4）；江苏高校品牌专业建设工程资助项目（PPZY2015A086）；江苏高等学校优秀科技创新团队项目（苏教科[2015]4号】
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