广西农业科学2010,41(10)：1101-1103
Guangxi Agricultural Sciences
+1101
3种园林植物对土壤重金属Cd的吸收及修复研究
健，李秀娟，全艳斌
张翠萍，仇硕，赵
区广西植物研究所，广西桂林541006）
广西壮族白治区中国科学院
摘要：以自来水处理作对照，采用土培法研究了3种Cd处理浓度下棕竹、宛田红花油茶、博白大果油茶对土壤重金属Cd的吸收及修复能力，为Cd超积累植物的筛选及土壤Cd污染治理提供依据。结果表明，与对照组(0mg-kg")相比， 10、25、50mgkgCd处理45d后，3种园林植物均能较好生长，未出现任何中毒症状；10、50mg*kgCd处理浓度下，3 种园林柏物地下部（根系)Cd含量均大于地上部（茎、叶），且随着Cd处理浓度的增大，地下部（根系)Cd含量增幅均大于地上部（叶、茎）.其中棕竹根系Cd含量增幅最大，是10mg·kg"处理的7.05倍；在10-50mg-kg*处理浓度范围内，3种园林植物地上部与地下部Cd含量比值均较低，且Cd在3种植物体内的迁移率均随处理浓度增大而降低。
关键词：园林植物；Cd胁迫；Cd积累；土壤修复
中图分类号：S154.4
文献标识码：A
文章编号：10028161(2010)10-110103
Phytoremediationpropertiesofthreeornamentalplantsfor
cadmium absorption in soils
ZHANG Cui-ping, QIU Shuo, ZHAO Jian, LI Xiu-juan, QUAN Yan-bin(Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, China)
Abstract: An experiment was conducted to investigate the phytoremediation properties of three ormamental plants viz., Rhapis excelsa, Camellia polyodonta and Camellia gigantocarpa for soil cadmium (Cd) absorption in order to provide references for Cd hyperaccumulating plant screening and soil pollution control. The experiment was conducted in soilpot culture system and plants were treated with Cd (10, 25 and 50 mg-kg'). The results showed that all ornamental plants grew well and did not showed any toxic symptoms in soils while containing 10, 25 and 50 mg-kg' cadmium compared to control. When the cadmium concentrations were 10 and 50 mg -kg’, the Cd contents in the underground parts (roots) of three orma-mental plants were all higher than that in the aboveground parts (stems and leaves). With the increasing cadmium concen tration, the increasing rates of cadmium contents in the underground parts (roots) of three ormamental plants were all higher than that in the aboveground parts (stems and leaves). The Cd content in the roots of the Rhapis excelsa at 50 mg-kg* Cd concentration was 7.05 times higher than that at 10 mg kg' cadmium concentration and its increasing rate of cadmium content was the highest amongst all ornamental plants. The ratio of cadmium contents in aboveground part to underground part in all ornamental plants were low and their mobility decreased with increasing cadmium concentration in the soil.
Key words: ormamental plants; cadmium stress; cadmium accumulation; soil remediation
Cd是一种分布较广的重金属元素，易被植物吸收、富集，并通过食物链对动物和人类健康构成威胁1.2]。植物修复（phytoremediation）是近年来兴起的一种治理土壤重金属污染的新技术[3-5],目前用于 Cd污染治理的超积累植物主要有拟南芥属植物拟南芥（ArabidopsishalleriL.）、遇蓝菜属植物逻蓝菜(ThlaspicaerulescensL.）等少数几种十字花科植物[6-8]，但这些植物普遍存在生物量小、生长缓慢等间题，严重延缓重金属土壤修复进程。棕竹(Rhapisexcelsa)9)、宛田红花油茶（Camellia polyodonta)[)]、博白大果油茶（Camelliagigantocarpa）]均是我国南方园林绿化常用植物，具有观赏价值高、裁培范围广、适应性
强等特点。为了明确这3种园林植物对土壤重金属 Cd污染的修复能力，2009年4~5月采用土培盆裁法研究了其对Cd的耐性及吸收积累效应，以期为Cd 污染土壤修复提供更多的植物种类和理论依据
材料与方法 1.1土壤样品
供试土壤（0~20cm深)为田园土，采自桂林市雁山区广西植物研究所花卉中心苗圃，风干后过2 mm筛，土壤理化性质和Cd含量见表1。对照国家和广西土壤环境质量标准，供试土壤全Cd含量既低于国家土壤背景值(0.20mg·kg-")[12],又符合广西二级
收稿日期：2010-06-24
作者简介：张翠葬（197了-），女，广西桂林人，助理研究员，主要从事园艺植物生理学研究工作。万方数据