第45卷第3期
石油与天然气化工
CHEMICALENGINEERING OFOIL&GAS
枯草芽孢杆菌提高原油采收率的物模驱油实验
徐海燕1-2丁明山12刘娟1-2王环江1-2任嗣利
1.中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所固体润滑国家重点实验实2.中国科学院大学
摘要针对目前常规采油开采技术的限制和原油采收率较低等问题，本研究采用单因素法对一株从油污中分离的枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillussubtilis32811)代谢产生物表面活性剂的发酵条件进行优化并进行微生物驱油实验。优化条件实验确定了以葡萄糖为唯一碳源，最佳的无机培养基配方（g/L）：β(C.Hi2O.)30.0-p(NHNO:)1.0,p(KH:PO4)4.1,p(NazHPO·12H:0)14.3.p(MgSO:)0.096+p(CaClz)0.0008o(FeS04)0.0011o(ClHiN:Na2Os)0.0015。发酵液表面张力从65mN/m降至25 mN/m。通过微生物对原油降解的物模驱油实验，得出原油出现乳化及原油重质组分含量明显降低的结果。物模驱油实验中分别注入发酵液及先注入微生物再注入无机培养液能提高原油采收率26.1% 和31.4%。说明枯草茅孢杆菌有利于提高剩余油的采收率，具有良好的应用前景。
关键词枯草茅孢杆菌生物表面活性剂发酵工艺乳化降解物理模拟
中图分类号：TE357
文献标志码：A
D0I:10.3969/i.issn.1007-3426.2016.03.013
Physical simulationexperiment of oildisplacementbybacillus
subtilisforenhancedoilrecovery
Xu Haiyan'-, Ding Mingshan'2, Liu Juan', Wang Huanjiang', Ren Sili
(l. State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication , Lanz hou Institute of Chemical Physics , Chinese Aeademy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, Chind, 2. Unirersity of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049 , China)
Abstract : Based on the limitation of conventional oil mining technology and the low oil recovery , in this study , with the method of single factor , the fermentation conditions of a strain of bacillus subtilis isolated from contamination soil was optimized , and microbial enhanced oil recovery experiment was carried on . Glucose was determined as the sole carbon source by optimized condition experiment , and the optimum medium formula was (g/L): C Hiz Os,30.0; NH.NO ,1.0; KH:PO:,4.1; Naz HPO4. 12H20,14.3; MgS0,0.096; CaCl,0.000 8; FeS0,0.001 1; CHN?Na0s,0.0015.It was found that the surface tension of culture medium decreased from 65 mN /m to 25 mN /m . The physical simulation of oil displacement with microbial degradation indicated that the emulsification appeared during the treatment and biodegradation of crude oil resulted in decrease of heavy component in crude oil. In the oil displacement experiments , separately injected fermented liquid and injected microbes first then injected inorganic medium , the oil recovery enhanced of 26 .1% and 31.4% respectively -Bacillus subtilis has good prospect in promoting the displacement of residual oil in reservoir
Key words : bacillus subtilis , biosurfactants , fermentation process , emulsification biodegradation physical simulation
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基金项目：国家自然科学基金面上项目“含有其钜体系的炭基纳米材料用于原油乳状液破乳实验与分子动力学模拟研究”(51574217)；国家自然科学基金面上项目“油砂水基提取过程中的表面与界面行为研究”(51374195)。
作者简介：徐海燕（1990一），女，在读硕士，主要从事微生物采油方向的研究工作。E-mail;xuhy@licp.cas.cn