
第9期 2017年9月
组合机床与自动化加工技术
Modular Machine Tool &Automatic Manufacturing Technique
文章编号:10012265(2017)09006204
D0I:10.13462/j. cnki. mmtamt.2017.09.016
No.9 Sep.2017
开放式加工设备整机静动态特性分析及其优化
冀敏",b,,张进生",b,,王书达",b,,孙芹",b,
(山东大学a.机械工程学院;b.建材与建设机械研究中心;c.高效洁净机械制造教育部重点实验室,济南250061)
摘要:以开放式铝材构件加工设备为研究对象,对整机结构进行了静动态特性分析及其优化设计。分析了考虑切削力情况下整机静力变形情况与各部件变形量占系统总变形量的百分比、找出了系统静刚度的薄弱环节;通过整机模态分析获得了前6阶固有频率及振型,找出了整机动态特性薄弱环节:对薄弱环节一横染及滑枕进行了优化。为研究此类加工设备静动态特性及其结构优化设计提
供理论基础,有助于提升窄长铝材构件加工质量,促进相关行业发展。关键词:开放式加工中心;静力学分析;模态分析
中图分类号:TH16:TG502
文献标识码:A
The Static and Dynamic Characteristic Analysis and The Optimization ofOpenFrameMachiningEquipmentforAluminumComponents JI Min-b,", ZHANG Jin-sheng"h,, WANG Shu-da"h,, SUN Qin*-b,
(a. School of Mechanical Engineering; b. Research Centre for Building Materials and Construction Machinery; c. Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture, Shandong University , Jinan 250061, China)
Abstract : Taking the open frame machining equipment for aluminum components as the research object, an-alyze the static and dynamic characteristics of the whole machine structure and optimize the fracture. Ana-lyze the static deformation of machining equipment considering the cutting force and the percentage of the deformation of each component to the system, the weak parts of the system static stiffness can be found. Ac-cording to the modal analysis, the first six order natural frequency and the mode shape can be obtained, then the weakness of the system dynamic performance can be found. Finally ,the weak parts such as the beam and ram, which is the weakness of the machining equipment have been optimized. The study provides a theoreti-cal basis for the static/ dynamic performance analysis and structure optimization for this kind of machining e-quipment. The study can improve the processing quality of the long narrow aluminum components and pro-mote the development of the relative industries
Key words: aluminum components; open frame machining equipment; static structural analysis; modal a-nalysis
0引言
窄长铝材构件加工设备主要应用于轨道交通、船
舶、车辆用错型材及建筑幕墙等加工领域,因为该类铝错型材具有结构上长宽比大、壁薄、截面复杂和工艺上加工工序多、加工区域距离远、易变形的特点,所以要求加工中心具有纵向行程长、装卸方便、静动刚度好、精度高等特点。
近年来,国内外对龙门式加工中心静动态特性进行了较多的研究。李殿新等人采用细化试验方法测量了机床整机及部件的变形量,找到了整机静刚度的薄弱环节。RongYan[2]等人分析了整机各部件的变形
收稿日期:2016-11-11
*基金项目:山东省重点研发计划(2015GGX103032)
量,采用事联刚度场理论分析广各部件变形对整机刚度的影响,找到了整机的薄弱的环节。Brecher[3]等人通过模态试验分析,获取了机床结构的前12阶固有频率和振型,基于试验结果研究了机床抵抗外部干扰的性能。本文根据开放式加工设备的特点及设计要求,并借鉴前人的研究方法对整机进行了静动态特性分析,综合分析确定加工设备整机结构的薄弱环节,并对加工设备结构薄弱环节进行改进。
加工中心整体布局 1
开放式铝材构件加工设备采用床身、夹具固定,横梁、滑座、滑枕移动的C型结构,主体结构包括由床
作者简介:冀敏(1991一),男,济南人,山东大学硕士研究生,研究方向为铝材构件高效加工关键技术与装备研发,(E-mail)317884679@qq.com
理作者:张进生(1962一),男,山东高青人,山东大学教投,博士研究生导师,研究方向为硬脆材料高效加工技术及装备,(E-mail)万发数据sda.edu.cn。